Advanced Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Care

Veterinary Microbiology

This topic of discussion will also include veterinary study at micro level, microorganism included in this veterinary study, the structure of microorganisms. Extensive use of currently available vaccines, strict quarantine combined with rapid diagnostics and biosecurity, and stamping out and other containment measures seem to keep ND under control in developed countries. However, as evident from the multiple outbreaks occurring worldwide, current vaccination strategies are not fully efficacious under different environmental conditions and the development of new concepts for vaccine generation are needed. To enhance the efficacy of vaccines and to improve the immune responses induced by them, investigation of innovative approaches together with the development of safe and novel strong adjuvants are necessary. Future ND vaccine systems that allow rapid development to target emerging NDV strains, and enable design of multiplexed vaccines, will have advantage over currently existing vaccines.